bc556b61902ae3de06-63b2 20240702093319812 sayedhussain.mosawi@ghalib.edu.af:6ukb sayedhussain.mosawi@ghalib.edu.af WEB-FORM Afghanistan Journal of Infectious Diseases AJID 29596491 10.60141/1 https://www.ajid.ghalib.edu.af/index.php/ajid 07 01 2024 07 01 2024 2 2 10.60141/AJID/V.2.I.2 https://www.ajid.ghalib.edu.af/index.php/ajid/issue/view/11 Department of Internal Medicine, Khatam Al Nabieen University, Kabul, Afghanistan Mohammad Jawad Jawad Ali Nawrozie Head of Hemat Specialized Health Complex and Lecturer of Khatam Al-Nabeien University, Kabul, Afghanistan Nizahat Mahdawi Department of Internal Medicine, Himmat Clicnic, Kabul, Afghanistan Background: Pleural effusion is one of the most common pleural diseases, and its causes are various cardiovascular, lung, kidney, cancer, and infectious diseases. Methods: The present study was carried out in the year 2018 at Sadri Ibn Sina Hospital, involving a total of 4564 patients. Out of these, a specific focus was given to 100 patients diagnosed with pleural effusion. Demographic details, such as age, gender, marital status, causes of effusion, occupation, place of residence, effusion location, type of fluid, and any existing comorbidities, were gathered and analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: Based on the findings of this study, tuberculosis accounts for 49% of the cases, pneumonia for 13%, congestive heart failure for 12%, corpulmonary disease for 11%, cancer for 10%, and chronic kidney failure for 4%. Additionally, 1% of the cases experienced pleural embolism as a result of pulmonary embolism. In regards to the liquid type, 77% of it was transudative, while 23% was exudative. Conclusion: Pleural effusion refers to the abnormal buildup of fluid in the pleural cavity, typically caused by either an overproduction of fluid or a compromised lymphatic system's ability to absorb it. This research has firmly established infection, with tuberculosis being the most significant factor, as the leading cause of this condition. 07 01 2024 07 01 2024 36 40 10.60141/AJID/V.2.I.2/5 https://www.ajid.ghalib.edu.af/index.php/ajid/article/view/38