Application of Nanotechnology in Treatment of Nematodes Diseases: A Review Article Application of Nanotechnology in Treatment of Nematodes Diseases
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Nematodes were among the first known human pathogens, and many efforts have been made to develop treatments for them. These infections impose a heavy burden on human populations, especially the poor. Nowadays, intervention and treatment programs have been initiated to control and treat onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis, gastrointestinal nematodes, and soil-transmitted helminths. Nanotechnology is being used as a dynamic and dynamic tool in research for the treatment of diseases. Here, we review the application of nanotechnology in treatment of nematode diseases.
Methods: This narrative review was conducted using scientific sites such as Medline, Pubmed Science Direct, and Springer Link databases covering 2000 to 2025 to investigate the application of nanotechnology in nematodes diseases treatment. The terms used included: nanotechnology, nanoparticles, nematodes, nematodes treatment, and nanodrug.
Results: Twenty-eight full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and from them, 23 selected studies on the application of nanotechnology in the treatment of nematode diseases were selected.
Conclusion: The nanodrugs and nanomedicines are future sources for the development of new drugs with therapeutic applications. Nanotechnology has the potential to be used as antinematodal drugs by modifying the biodistribution of drugs and improving bioavailability.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Date AA, Joshi MD, Patravale VB. Parasitic diseases: Liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles versus lipid nanoparticles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007; 59(6): 505–21.
Ojha SC, Jaide C, Jinawath N, Rotjanapan P, Baral P. Geohelminths: public health significance. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2014; 8(01): 005-16.
AlGabbani Q. Nanotechnology: a promising strategy for the control of parasitic infections. Exp Parasitol. 2023; 250:108548.
Bhau BS, Phukon P, Ahmed R, Gogoi B, Borah B, Baruah J, Sharma D.K, Wann S.B. A novel tool of nanotechnology: nanoparticle mediated control of nematode infection in plants. Microbial Inoculants in Sustainable Agricultural Productivity: Vol. 2: Functional Applications. 2016; 253-69.
Pérez‐de‐Luque A, Rubiales D. Nanotechnology for parasitic plant control. Pest Manag Sci. 2009; 65(5): 540-45.
Nassef NE, Moharm IM, Atia AF, Brakat RM, Abou Hussien NM, Mohamed AS. Therapeutic efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles and albendazole in intestinal murine trichinellosis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2018; 48(3): 493-502.
Nassef NE, Moharm IM, Atia AF, Brakat RM, Abou Hussien NM, Shamselideen A. Therapeutic efficacy of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with albendazole on parenteral phase of experimental trichinellosis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2019; 49(2): 301-11.
El-Melegy MA, Ghoneim NS, El-Dienos NMN, Rizk MS. Silver nano particles improve the therapeutic effect of mebendazole treatment during the muscular phase of experimental trichinellosis. J Am Sci. 2019; 15(5): 34-46.
Abd-Elrahman SM, Dyab AK, Mahmoud AE, Alsharif FM, Mohamed SM, Abomughaid MM, Elossily NA. Influence of chemically and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on in vitro viability and infectivity of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. Ann Parasitol. 2021; 67(4):591-602.
Eid RK, Ashour DS, Essa EA, El Maghraby GM, Arafa MF. Chitosan coated nanostructured lipid carriers for enhanced in vivo efficacy of albendazole against Trichinella spiralis. Carbohydr Polym. 2020; 232: 115826.
Priotti J, Codina AV, Leonardi D, Vasconi MD, Hinrichsen LI, Lamas MC. Albendazole microcrystal formulations based on chitosan and cellulose derivatives: physicochemical characterization and in vitro parasiticidal activity in Trichinella spiralis adult worms. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech. 2017; 18(4): 947-956.
Elmehy DA, Saad MAH, El Maghraby GM, Arafa MF, Soliman NA, Elkaliny HH, Elgendy DI. Niosomal versus nano-crystalline ivermectin against different stages of Trichinella spiralis infection in mice. Parasitol Res. 2021; 120(7): 1-18.
Henaish AM, Mira NM, Zoghroban HS, Moussa EA, Helal IB, El-Mehasseb IM, El-Shafai NM. Mebendazole nano-medication which incorporation nano-chitosan decorated by zinc oxide nanoparticles for intestinal murine trichinellosis through a drug delivery system. J Dispers Sci Technol. 2024; 27:1-5.
Binnebose AM, Haughney SL, Martin R, Imerman PM, Narasimhan B, Bellaire BH. Polyanhydride nanoparticle delivery platform dramatically enhances killing of filarial worms. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2015; 9(10): e0004173.
Ali M, Afzal M, Verma M, Misra-Bhattacharya S, Ahmad FJ, Dinda AK. Improved antifilarial activity of ivermectin in chitosan–alginate nanoparticles against human lymphatic filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. Parasitol Res. 2013; 112: 2933-43.
Ali M, Afzal M, Verma M, Bhattacharya SM, Ahmad FJ, Samim M, Abidin MZ, Dinda AK. Therapeutic efficacy of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles encapsulated ivermectin (nano-ivermectin) against brugian filariasis in experimental rodent model. Parasitol Res. 2014; 113: 681-91.
Singh Y, Srinivas A, Gangwar M, Meher JG, Misra-Bhattacharya S, Chourasia MK. Subcutaneously administered ultrafine PLGA nanoparticles containing doxycycline hydrochloride target lymphatic filarial parasites. Mol Pharm. 2016; 13(6): 2084-94.
Hande S, Sonkar V, Bhoj P, Togre N, Goswami K, Dash D. The role of oxidative and nitrosative stress of silver nanoparticles in human parasitic helminth Brugia malayi: a mechanistic insight. Acta Parasitol. 2021; 21: 1-0.
Roy P, Saha SK, Gayen P, Chowdhury P, Babu SP. Exploration of antifilarial activity of gold nanoparticle against human and bovine filarial parasites: a nanomedicinal mechanistic approach. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2018; 161: 236-43.
Saha SK, Chowdhury P, Saini P, Babu SP. Ultrasound assisted green synthesis of poly (vinyl alcohol) capped silver nanoparticles for the study of its antifilarial efficacy. Appl Surf Sci. 2014; 288: 625-32.
Chowdhury P, Roy B, Mukherjee N, Mukherjee S, Joardar N, Mondal MK, Roy D, Sinha Babu SP. Chitosan biopolymer functionalized gold nanoparticles with controlled cytotoxicity and improved antifilarial efficacy. Adv Compos Hybrid Mater. 2018; 1: 577-90.
Wiwanitkit V. Effect of gold nanoparticle on viability of Ascaris spp. egg in stool samples. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2014;7(2):151.
Goel V, Kaur P, Singla LD, Choudhury D. Biomedical evaluation of Lansium parasiticum extract-protected silver nanoparticles against Haemonchus contortus, a parasitic worm. Front Mol Bio Sci. 2020; 7: 595646.
Esmaeilnejad B, Samiei A, Mirzaei Y, Farhang-Pajuh F. Assessment of oxidative/nitrosative stress biomarkers and DNA damage in Haemonchus contortus, following exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Acta Parasitol. 2018;63(3):563-71.
Tomar RS, Preet S. Evaluation of anthelmintic activity of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles against the gastrointestinal nematode, Haemonchus contortus. J Helminthol. 2017; 91(4): 454-61.
Kaiaty AM, Salib FA, El-Gameel SM, Abdel Massieh ES, Hussien AM, Kamel MS. Emerging alternatives to traditional anthelmintics: the in vitro antiparasitic activity of silver and selenium nanoparticles, and pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract against Haemonchus contortus. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2023; 55(5): 317.
Kudtarkar A, Shinde U, P Bharkad G, Singh K. Solid lipid nanoparticles of albendazole for treatment of Toxocara canis infection: in-vivo efficacy studies. Nanosci Nanotechnol Asia. 2017; 7(1): 80-91.
Dorostkar R, Ghalavand M, Nazarizadeh A, Tat M, Hashemzadeh MS. Anthelmintic effects of zinc oxide and iron oxide nanoparticles against Toxocara vitulorum. Int Nano Lett. 2017; 7: 157-64.
Gilleard JS, Kotze AC, Leathwick D, Nisbet AJ, McNeilly TN, Besier B. A journey through 50 years of research relevant to the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminant livestock and thoughts on future directions. Int J Parasitol. 2021; 51(13-14): 1133-51.
García A, Leonardi D, Vasconi MD, Hinrichsen LI, Lamas MC. Characterization of albendazole-randomly methylated-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex and in vivo evaluation of its antihelmitic activity in a murine model of trichinellosis. PloS One. 2014; 9(11): e113296.
Bodnar M, Hartmann JF, Borbely J. Preparation and characterization of chitosan-based nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules. 2005; 6(5): 2521-7.