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10.60141/ajid.108
Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in a Pediatric Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Demographic, Clinical, and Laboratory Correlates in Qom, Iran (2019–2020)
<p><strong>Background:</strong> <strong><em>Staphylococcus aureu</em></strong><strong> resistance poses a critical threat to pediatric care. We aimed to comprehensively evaluate <em>S. aureus </em>resistance patterns and their associations with demographic (age, sex, ethnicity), clinical (disease severity, sampling site), and laboratory parameters (WBC, CRP) in a pediatric referral center in Qom, Iran.</strong></p>
<p><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective cross-sectional study (Mar 2019–Mar 2020) used medical records of patients under 15. Clinical samples were cultured on blood and mannitol salt agar; <em>S. aureus</em> was identified via catalase/coagulase tests. Antibiotic resistance was assessed by disk diffusion. Of 24,342 specimens from hospitalized and outpatient children, 216 tested positive for <em>S. aureus</em>.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong> Among 216 isolates (120 males, 96 females; 167 Iranian, 37 Afghan, 12 Iraqi), 92 were from inpatients and 124 from outpatients. High resistance was seen to ampicillin (77.3%), erythromycin (65%), and cefixime (62.5%). Resistance to meropenem (43%) and vancomycin (12%; including 8.3% MRSA) was concerning. Multidrug resistance (≥3 classes) appeared in 22.7%. Lowest resistance was to imipenem (0%), co-amoxiclav (3%), and amikacin (6%). Complete resistance to cefepime, nalidixic acid, and nitrofurantoin was seen in a few samples (n≤10), possibly due to sampling bias.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study reveals emerging resistance to newer antibiotics, including vancomycin and meropenem, highlighting the need for region-specific stewardship and better surveillance to combat antimicrobial-resistant <em>S. aureus </em>in pediatric populations.</p>
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Javad Tafaroji , Hosein Heydari
2025
Antibiotics
Antibiotic resistance
Staphylococcus aureus
Qom
Iran
Javad
Tafaroji
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
IR
dr.tafaroji@gmail.com
Hosein
Heydari
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Hazrat-e Fateme Masoume Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
IR
hoseinheydari3375@yahoo.com
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8627-9625
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